健全全面从严治党体系******
健全全面从严治党体系
——论学习贯彻习近平总书记二十届中央纪委二次全会重要讲话精神
人民日报评论员
“构建全面从严治党体系是一项具有全局性、开创性的工作。”在二十届中央纪委二次全会上，习近平总书记深刻总结新时代十年我们党初步构建起全面从严治党体系，深刻阐述健全全面从严治党体系的目标任务、实践要求，对推动新时代党的建设新的伟大工程向纵深发展具有重大指导意义。
全面从严治党是新时代党的自我革命的伟大实践，是新时代党的建设的鲜明主题。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央不断深化对自我革命规律的认识，不断推进党的建设理论创新、实践创新、制度创新，初步构建起全面从严治党体系。十年来，以党的政治建设为统领，坚持党中央集中统一领导是最高政治原则，持续提高各级党组织和党员干部政治判断力、政治领悟力、政治执行力；把思想建设作为党的基础性建设，坚持不懈用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想凝心铸魂；坚持新时代党的组织路线，增强党组织政治功能和组织力凝聚力；坚决落实中央八项规定精神，以钉钉子精神纠四风树新风；把纪律建设纳入党的建设总体布局，坚持纪严于法、纪在法前；把制度建设贯穿到党的各项建设之中，不断提高党的建设科学化、制度化、规范化水平；坚持以雷霆之势反腐惩恶，反腐败斗争取得压倒性胜利并全面巩固。2022年，中央纪委国家监委和国家统计局合作开展的民意调查结果显示，97.4%的群众认为全面从严治党卓有成效，比2012年提高了22.4%，99%的群众认为党中央正风肃纪反腐的举措体现了我们党彻底的自我革命精神。
党的二十大报告提出“健全全面从严治党体系”，这是加强新时代党的建设的重大举措。必须深刻认识到，全面从严治党永远在路上，党的自我革命永远在路上。我们党作为长期执政的马克思主义政党，党的远大目标和历史使命，党的队伍的庞大规模和广泛分布，党面临的重大风险和严峻挑战，都要求必须健全全面从严治党体系，把党建设得更加坚强有力。只有整体地而不是局部地、系统地而不是零碎地、持久地而不是短暂地、高标准地而不是一般化地全面从严治党，全面推进党的自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高，才能使我们党坚守初心使命，始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心。
习近平总书记强调：“全面从严治党体系应是一个内涵丰富、功能完备、科学规范、运行高效的动态系统。”健全全面从严治党体系，需要坚持制度治党、依规治党，更加突出党的各方面建设有机衔接、联动集成、协同协调，更加突出体制机制的健全完善和法规制度的科学有效，更加突出运用治理的理念、系统的观念、辩证的思维管党治党建设党。要坚持内容上全涵盖，党的建设推进到哪里，全面从严治党体系就要构建到哪里，把全面从严治党贯穿于党的建设各方面；要坚持对象上全覆盖，从严抓好领导干部队伍、党员队伍、各级党组织建设，重点是抓好“关键少数”；要坚持责任上全链条，压实各级党委（党组）全面从严治党主体责任，增强管党治党意识、落实管党治党责任；要坚持制度上全贯通，用制度促进全面从严治党体系贯通联动，真正实现制度治党、依规治党。只有进一步健全全面从严治党体系，使全面从严治党各项工作更好体现时代性、把握规律性、富于创造性，才能把全面从严治党引向深入，做到管党有方、治党有力、建党有效。
全面建设社会主义现代化国家、全面推进中华民族伟大复兴，关键在党。全面从严治党是党永葆生机活力、走好新的赶考之路的必由之路。新征程上，我们不知还要爬多少坡、过多少坎、经历多少风风雨雨、克服多少艰难险阻。永远保持赶考的清醒和谨慎，驰而不息推进全面从严治党，不断健全全面从严治党体系，把党的伟大自我革命进行到底，以党的自我革命引领社会革命，我们就一定能向历史和人民交出新的优异答卷、创造新的更大奇迹。
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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